Petovello, Kristy2014-05-132014-05-1320122012Petovello, K. (2012). "Pediatric Procedural Pain Management: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Child, Youth & Family Studies, 3(4.1):569-589.http://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/view/11563http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5399Research in the last two decades has revealed the complex nature of pain and has thereby improved the understanding, treatment, and management of pediatric pain by health care practitioners. However, a significant gap between knowledge and practice still exists. Pediatric pain remains under-managed. Several themes emerged in this literature review as factors influencing adequate pain management. These include: outdated beliefs about pain management; inconsistent use of evidence-based interventions; difficulties assessing children’s pain; and the role of the values and beliefs of caregivers and practitioners. The literature indicates a high risk of deleterious consequences of under-managed pediatric pain, linking early health care experiences to later health-seeking behaviours. Implications for practice are considerable. Recommendations include: an individualized “3-P” approach combining pharmacologic, physical and psychological strategies; collaborative approaches eliciting expertise from caregivers and health care professionals across multiple disciplines; and utilizing interventions before, during, and after procedures.enpediatricacute pain managementhospitalprocedureterm implicationsintravenousArticleAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 CanadaSchool of Child and Youth Care