Migratory hosts can maintain the high-dose/refuge effect in a structured host-parasite system: The case of sea lice and salmon

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dc.contributor.authorBateman, Andrew W.
dc.contributor.authorPeacock, Stephanie J.
dc.contributor.authorKrkošek, Martin
dc.contributor.authorLewis, Mark A.
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-15T19:22:07Z
dc.date.available2025-04-15T19:22:07Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractMigration can reduce parasite burdens in migratory hosts, but it connects populations and can drive disease dynamics in domestic species. Farmed salmon are infested by sea louse parasites, often carried by migratory wild salmonids, resulting in a costly problem for industry and risk to wild populations when farms amplify louse numbers. Chemical treatment can control lice, but resistance has evolved in many salmon-farming regions. Resistance has, however, been slow to evolve in the north-east Pacific Ocean, where large wild-salmon populations harbour large sea louse populations. Using a mathematical model of host-macroparasite dynamics, we explored the roles of domestic, wild oceanic and connective migratory host populations in maintaining treatment susceptibility in associated sea lice. Our results show that a large wild salmon population, unexposed to direct infestation by lice from farms; high levels of on-farm treatment; and a healthy migratory host population are all critical to slowing or stopping the evolution of treatment resistance. Our results reproduce the "high-dose/refuge effect," from the agricultural literature, with the added requirement of a migratory host population to maintain treatment susceptibility. This work highlights the role that migratory hosts may play in shared wildlife/livestock disease, where evolution can occur in ecological time.
dc.description.reviewstatusReviewed
dc.description.scholarlevelFaculty
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank NSERC Canada for a Vanier CGS to SJP, PDFs to AWB and SJP, an Accelerator grant to MK and Discovery grants to MK and MAL. We also thank the Killam Trusts for a postdoctoral fellowship to AWB, and we thank the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation for a Research Fellowship to MK. MK and MAL gratefully acknowledge the Canada Research Chair Program.
dc.identifier.citationBateman, A. W., Peacock, S. J., Krkošek, M., & Lewis, M. A. (2020). Migratory hosts can maintain the high-dose/refuge effect in a structured host-parasite system: The case of sea lice and salmon. Evolutionary Applications, 13(10), 2521-2535. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12984
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12984
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1828/21936
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEvolutionary Applications
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectemamectin benzoate
dc.subjecthigh dose/refuge effect
dc.subjecthost-parasite model
dc.subjectsalmon
dc.subjectsalmon farming
dc.subjectsea lice
dc.subjecttreatment resistance
dc.titleMigratory hosts can maintain the high-dose/refuge effect in a structured host-parasite system: The case of sea lice and salmon
dc.typeArticle

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