Pictorial and verbal implicit and recognition memory in aging and Akzheimer's disease: a transfer-appropriate processing account
| dc.contributor.author | Rich, Jill Bee | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Dixon, Roger A. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-07-06T22:16:09Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-07-06T22:16:09Z | |
| dc.date.copyright | 1993 | en_US |
| dc.date.issued | 2018-07-06 | |
| dc.degree.department | Department of Psychology | |
| dc.degree.level | Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The indirect influence of prior experience on a subsequent task is termed Implicit memory (IM). This study examined the status of pictorial and verbal IM in four groups of 20 subjects each: normal young (M age = 27.2), young-old (M age = 66.7), old-old (M age = 76.6), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (M age = 75.4, M Mini-Mental State Examination score = 17.3). Study conditions involved reading words, naming pictures, and generating best-fit endings for high-cloze sentence frames (e.g., Ron swept the floor with a ____ .). Implicit memory was subsequently assessed by word-stem completion (WSC), in which subjects were instructed to complete three-letter stems with the first word that came to mind (e.g., bro____), and picture-fragment identification (PFI), in which subjects attempted to identify perceptually degraded pictures. Among the control groups, WSC priming was greatest following word study, and PFI priming was greatest following picture study, thereby establishing that crossover priming effects recently found among young subjects are fully retained in healthy aging, In contrast to previous studies suggesting that WSC priming may be preserved for deeply encoded material in AD patients, the present results showed that WSC priming was impaired in the AD group regardless of study condition, Nevertheless, AD patients demonstrated normal perceptual priming on the PFI task following picture study, These findings support a dissociation between perceptual and conceptual priming in AD. Explicit yes/no recognition testing revealed standard picture superiority and generation effects among controls. AD patients, in contrast, were impaired on all recognition items. Results are discussed in terms of transfer-appropriate processing theory, which states that level of retention Is a function of the degree to which processes invoked at study are recapitulated at test. Essentially, the similarity between word reading and WSC and between picture naming and PFI is a crucial determinant of priming effects In healthy young and elderly subjects. AD patients' WSC impairment may be due to a lexical-semantic processing deficit, whereas their preserved PFI priming may be supported by intact perceptual processes. Similarly, their uniformly depressed recognition memory may be explained by impaired conceptual processing. | en_US |
| dc.description.scholarlevel | Graduate | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1828/9630 | |
| dc.language | English | eng |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.rights | Available to the World Wide Web | en_US |
| dc.subject | Alzheimer's disease | en_US |
| dc.subject | Older people | en_US |
| dc.subject | Diseases | en_US |
| dc.title | Pictorial and verbal implicit and recognition memory in aging and Akzheimer's disease: a transfer-appropriate processing account | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |