Supporting successful implementation of public health interventions: protocol for a realist synthesis

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dc.contributor.authorMacDonald, Marjorie
dc.contributor.authorPauly, Bernie
dc.contributor.authorWong, Geoff
dc.contributor.authorSchick-Makaroff, Kara
dc.contributor.authorvan Roode, Thea
dc.contributor.authorStrosher, Heather Wilson
dc.contributor.authorKothari, Anita
dc.contributor.authorValaitis, Ruta
dc.contributor.authorManson, Heather
dc.contributor.authorO'Briain, Warren
dc.contributor.authorCarroll, Simon
dc.contributor.authorLee, Victoria
dc.contributor.authorTong, Samantha
dc.contributor.authorDickenson Smith, Karen
dc.contributor.authorWard, Megan
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-21T19:38:44Z
dc.date.available2017-08-21T19:38:44Z
dc.date.copyright2016en_US
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractBackground: There is a growing emphasis in public health on the importance of evidence-based interventions to improve population health and reduce health inequities. Equally important is the need for knowledge about how to implement these interventions successfully. Yet, a gap remains between the development of evidence-based public health interventions and their successful implementation. Conventional systematic reviews have been conducted on effective implementation in health care, but few in public health, so their relevance to public health is unclear. In most reviews, stringent inclusion criteria have excluded entire bodies of evidence that may be relevant for policy makers, program planners, and practitioners to understand implementation in the unique public health context. Realist synthesis is a theory-driven methodology that draws on diverse data from different study designs to explain how and why observed outcomes occur in different contexts and thus may be more appropriate for public health. Methods: This paper presents a realist review protocol to answer the research question: Why are some public health interventions successfully implemented and others not? Based on a review of implementation theories and frameworks, we developed an initial program theory, adapted for public health from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, to explain the implementation outcomes of public health interventions within particular contexts. This will guide us through the review process, which comprises eight iterative steps based on established realist review guidelines and quality standards. We aim to refine this initial theory into a ‘final’ realist program theory that explains important context-mechanism-outcome configurations in the successful implementation of public health interventions. Discussion: Developing new public health interventions is costly and policy windows that support their implementation can be short lived. Ineffective implementation wastes scarce resources and is neither affordable nor sustainable. Public health interventions that are not implemented will not have their intended effects on improving population health and promoting health equity. This synthesis will provide evidence to support effective implementation of public health interventions taking into account the variable context of interventions. A series of knowledge translation products specific to the needs of knowledge users will be developed to provide implementation support.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Knowledge Translation Unit, through a Knowledge Synthesis grant (FRN# KRS 138213) to M. MacDonald, B. Pauly, and A. Paton (Principal Investigators). It builds on previous work done in a CIHR Emerging Team Grant (FRN #92255) to M.MacDonald, T. Hancock, B. Pauly, and R. Valaitis (Principal Investigators) and on concurrent work being conducted in a CIHR Pathways to Health Equity Grant (FRN#116688) to B. Pauly, M. MacDonald, T. Hancock, and W. O’Briain (Principal Investigators). During the period when much of this background work was completed, including the preparation of the CIHR proposal for this realist synthesis, M. MacDonald was supported by a CIHR/ Public Health Agency of Canada Applied Public Health Chair Research Award (FRN # 92365). A. Kothari was partially supported by a CIHR new investigator award (MSH 95370). K. Schick-Makaroff was partially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT; KRES110011R1). R. Valaitis was supported by the Dorothy C. Hall Primary Health Care Nursing Chair at McMaster University.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMacDonald, M., Pauly, B., Wong, G., Schick-Makaroff, K., van Roode, T., Strosher, H.W., …Ward, M. (2016). Supporting successful implementation of public health interventions: protocol for a realist synthesis. Systematic Reviews, 5(54), 1-11.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0229-1
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/8438
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSystematic Reviewsen_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 2.5 Canada*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ca/*
dc.subjectRealist synthesisen_US
dc.subjectRealist reviewen_US
dc.subjectPublic healthen_US
dc.subjectPopulation healthen_US
dc.subjectImplementationen_US
dc.subjectPublic health interventionsen_US
dc.subjectKnowledge translationen_US
dc.titleSupporting successful implementation of public health interventions: protocol for a realist synthesisen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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