Investigating direct and cooperative microRNA regulation of Pax6 in vivo using a genome engineering approach
| dc.contributor.author | Ryan, Bridget | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Chow, Robert Lewis | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-09-25T22:18:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-09-25T22:18:43Z | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2019 | en_US |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-09-25 | |
| dc.degree.department | Division of Medical Sciences | |
| dc.degree.department | School of Medical Sciences | |
| dc.degree.department | Program: Neuroscience | |
| dc.degree.level | Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Cells must employ a diversity of strategies to regulate the quantity and functionality of different proteins during development and adult homeostasis. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene transcripts by microRNAs (miRNAs) is recognized as an important mechanism by which the dosage of proteins is regulated. Despite this, the physiological relevance of direct regulation of an endogenous gene transcript by miRNAs in vivo is rarely investigated. PAX6 is a useful model gene for studying miRNA regulation directly. PAX6 is highly dosage-sensitive transcription factor that is dynamically expressed during development of the eye, nose, central nervous system, gut and endocrine pancreas, and is mutated in the haploinsufficiency disease aniridia. Several miRNAs have been implicated in regulating PAX6 in different developmental contexts. Notably, miR-7 appears to regulate Pax6 during specification of olfactory bulb interneurons in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the brain and during development of the endocrine pancreas. Here, we produced a bioinformatics tool to enable selective mutation of candidate microRNA recognition elements (MREs) for specific miRNAs while ensuring that new MREs are not inadvertently generated in the process. We then performed the first comprehensive analysis of the mouse Pax6 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) to identify MREs that may mediate miRNA regulation of Pax6 and to identify miRNAs capable of interacting with the 3’UTR of Pax6. Using Pax6 3’UTR genetic reporter assay, we confirmed that two MREs for miR-7-5 located at 3’UTR positions 517 and 655 function together to regulate PAX6. We generated mice harbouring mutations in the Pax6 3’UTR that disrupt these miR-7-5p MREs, individually or in combination, to explore the biological relevance of miRNA regulation directly. PAX6 protein abundance was elevated in double miR-7-5p MRE mutants relative to wild type and single mutants in the ventral V-SVZ. However, this increase in PAX6 was not associated with an altered dopaminergic periglomerular neuron phenotype in the olfactory bulb. Our findings suggest that, in vivo, microRNA regulation can be mediated through redundant MRE interactions. This work also reveals that directly mutating predicted MREs at the genomic level is necessary to fully characterize the specific phenotypic consequences of miRNA-target regulation. | en_US |
| dc.description.scholarlevel | Graduate | en_US |
| dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation | Ryan BC, Werner TS, Howard PL, Chow RL. ImiRP: a computational approach to microRNA target site mutation. BMC Bioinformatics. 2016;17:190. doi:10.1186/s12859-016-1057-y. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation | Ryan BC, Lowe K, Hanson L, Gil T, Braun L, Howard PL, et al. Mapping the Pax6 3’ untranslated region microRNA regulatory landscape. BMC Genomics. 2018;19:820. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11180 | |
| dc.language | English | eng |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.rights | Available to the World Wide Web | en_US |
| dc.subject | microRNA | en_US |
| dc.subject | Pax6 | en_US |
| dc.subject | Gene regulation | en_US |
| dc.subject | Mouse models | en_US |
| dc.subject | CRISPR/Cas9 | en_US |
| dc.title | Investigating direct and cooperative microRNA regulation of Pax6 in vivo using a genome engineering approach | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |