Were adults with intellectual disability (ID) meeting the 2020 Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines during COVID-19? A pilot study
Date
2023-04-28
Authors
Coats, John Cooper
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Abstract
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial to reducing the risk of chronic disease and improving overall health and well-being. However, individuals with intellectual disability (ID) experience high levels of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour, and poor sleep, leading to detrimental health outcomes. This pilot study investigated the extent to which adults with ID met the 2020 Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines during COVID-19. This pilot study followed a 9-day observational cross-sectional design and included 15 adults (6F, 9M) between the ages of 20-64 years. Using commercially available wearable technology, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were extrapolated using heart rate, and total sleep time was measured to compare to guidelines. A novel diary subjectively tracked the number of bouts and types of physical activity performed. Of the 15 participants, 11 met the MVPA guideline (73%), 4 met the sedentary behaviour guideline (27%), 7 met the sleep guideline (47%), and only 1 participant met all 3 of the guidelines (7%). There were no significant differences for MVPA, light-physical activity (LPA), and sleep between weekdays and weekend days, or between females and males. Walking, cleaning dishes, and swimming were the most common types of physical activity performed by participants. Spearman’s rank-order correlations showed very low positive correlations between the number of physical activity bouts reported and the number of movement guidelines met, weekly MVPA, weekly sedentary time, sleep, and body mass index. Findings from this pilot study indicate a real need to improve sleep and reduce sedentary time by adults with ID. This pilot study recommends building on the objective and subjective measures used in this study in further research on physical activity and sleep in adults with ID.
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Keywords
Intellectual disability, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, heart rate, Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines