Immune Modulation by Androgen Deprivation and Radiation Therapy: Implications for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy

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dc.contributor.authorKalina, Jennifer L.
dc.contributor.authorNeilson, David S.
dc.contributor.authorComber, Alexandra P.
dc.contributor.authorRauw, Jennifer M.
dc.contributor.authorAlexander, Abraham S.
dc.contributor.authorVergidis, Joanna
dc.contributor.authorLum, Julian J.
dc.date.accessioned2018-08-02T17:58:26Z
dc.date.available2018-08-02T17:58:26Z
dc.date.copyright2017en_US
dc.date.issued2017-01
dc.description.abstractProstate cancer patients often receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in combination with radiation therapy (RT). Recent evidence suggests that both ADT and RT have immune modulatory properties. First, ADT can cause infiltration of lymphocytes into the prostate, although it remains unclear whether the influx of lymphocytes is beneficial, particularly with the advent of new classes of androgen blockers. Second, in rare cases, radiation can elicit immune responses that mediate regression of metastatic lesions lying outside the field of radiation, a phenomenon known as the abscopal response. In light of these findings, there is emerging interest in exploiting any potential synergy between ADT, RT, and immunotherapy. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the rationale behind combining immunotherapy with ADT and RT for the treatment of prostate cancer, including an examination of the current clinical trials that employ this combination. The reported outcomes of several trials demonstrate the promise of this combination strategy; however, further scrutiny is needed to elucidate how these standard therapies interact with immune modulators. In addition, we discuss the importance of synchronizing immune modulation relative to ADT and RT, and provide insight into elements that may impact the ability to achieve maximum synergy between these treatments.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful for funding from the Prostate Cancer Canada Discovery Grant (Julian J. Lum), WestCoast Ride to Live (Julian J. Lum, Joanna Vergidis, Abraham S. Alexander) and the Prostate Cancer Fight Foundation (Julian J. Lum). The funds cover personnel salaries and research consumable costs but not open access fees for publication.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKalina, J. L.; Neilson, D. S.; Comber, A. P.; Rauw, J. M.; Alexander, A. S.; Vergidis, J.; & Lum, J. J. (2017). Immune modulation by androgen deprivation and radiation therapy: Implications for prostate cancer immunotherapy. Cancers, 9(2), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers9020013en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/cancers9020013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/9821
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherCancersen_US
dc.subjectandrogen deprivation therapy
dc.subjectradiation therapy
dc.subjectimmunotherapy
dc.subjectprostate cancer
dc.subjectcancer vaccines
dc.subjectcheckpoint inhibitors
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology
dc.titleImmune Modulation by Androgen Deprivation and Radiation Therapy: Implications for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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