Condensation behaviour of volatile trace metals in laboratory benchtop fumarole experiments

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dc.contributor.authorScholtysik, Rebecca
dc.contributor.authorCanil, Dante
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-27T18:56:25Z
dc.date.copyright2018en_US
dc.date.issued2018-08
dc.description.abstractVolatile trace metals emitted from volcanoes condense in gas plumes and fumaroles. The transient nature of natural eruptions makes it challenging to isolate key variables affecting trace metal condensation in this complex natural system. To emulate these conditions in a controlled setting, we design a laboratory ‘benchtop’ fumarole to experimentally measure volatilization and condensation behaviour of volatile trace metals from magma. Synthetic silicate melt compositions in the Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2 and Na2O-Fe2O3-SiO2 systems doped with dissolved trace metals (V, Cu, Zn, As, Y, Mo, Cd, Sn, Tb, Pb and Bi) are degassed in a furnace at 900 °C over periods of days to weeks. The condensates from the gas phase form on a silica glass tube along a thermal gradient from 725 to 125 °C, and are examined by electron microscopy and chemical analysis. We observe variable crystallinity of condensates as functions of temperature. The concentrations of Li, Cu, As, Rb, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cs, W, Pt, Tl, Pb and Bi in leachates of the condensates change by orders of magnitude along the glass tube, and show maxima at various temperatures between 250 and 600 °C. A comparison of the experiments with natural examples shows similarities in the condensation pattern for Cu, As, Ag, and Tl. The enrichment of certain metals in the experimental gas condensates (e.g. Mo) is similar to that observed in natural systems, but differs greatly for other elements (e.g. Bi and Cd) likely due to lack of Cl, S or other complexing agents for metals in the experiments. Our experimental design is a starting point to investigate the role of these and other variables on trace metal condensation behaviour in natural volcanic emissions.en_US
dc.description.embargo2020-09-01
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by Mineralogical Association of Canada Student award to RS and NSERC (154275) of Canada Discovery Grant to DC.en_US
dc.identifier.citationR. Scholtysik & D. Canil (2018). Condensation behaviour of volatile trace metals in laboratory benchtop fumarole experiments. Chemical Geology, 492, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.006en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.006
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/10108
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherChemical Geologyen_US
dc.subjectVolcano
dc.subjectTrace metal
dc.subjectDegassing
dc.subjectExperiment
dc.subjectCondensation
dc.subject.departmentSchool of Earth and Ocean Sciences
dc.titleCondensation behaviour of volatile trace metals in laboratory benchtop fumarole experimentsen_US
dc.typePostprinten_US

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