Cadmium-doping slows trap emptying in ambient-air blade-coated formamidinium lead iodide perovskite solar cells
Date
2024
Authors
Zhang, Dongyang
Khasnabis, Sutripto
Wang, Wanlong
Yeddu, Vishal
Moradi, Shahram
Awais, Muhammad
Nguyen, Hai-Dang
Reinecke, Sean B.
Haruta, Yuki
Godin, Robert
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Advanced Energy Materials
Abstract
Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) in its α-phase is among the most desirable perovskite compositions for solar cells. However, because of its transition into the yellow δ-phase at room temperature, it is a challenge to process it in ambient air by scalable fabrication methods. Here the introduction of a trace amount of cadmium (in the form of CdI2) to FAPbI3 is reported and found that it enhances the stability of the perovskite's black α-phase polymorph, inhibits non-radiative recombination events, leads to pin-hole free compact surface morphology, and improves band energy alignment. The 0.6% Cd-doped FAPbI3 solar cells show a champion efficiency of 22.7% for 0.049 cm2 and 16.4% for cm2-scale pixels, which, to the best of the knowledge, are among the highest for air-ambient fully blade-coated pure FAPbI3 solar cells with an n-i-p architecture. Transient absorption microscopy measurements reveal that Cd doping reduces the number of trapped charges and increases their lifetimes, promoting charge accumulation and a higher photovoltage. The study sheds light on the potential of cadmium as a homovalent dopant for the stabilization and performance enhancement of FAPbI3 performance solar cells.
Description
Keywords
Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC)
Citation
Zhang, D., Khasnabis, S., Wang, W., Yeddu, V., Moradi, S., Awais, M., Nguyen, D.-H., Reinecke, S. B., Haruta, Y., Godin, R., Tan, F., & Saidaminov, M. I. (2024). Cadmium‐doping slows trap emptying in ambient‐air blade‐coated formamidinium lead iodide perovskite solar cells. Advanced Energy Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202303858