Size-Dependent Maximization of Upconversion Efficiency of Citrate-Stabilized β-phase NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Crystals via Annealing

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dc.contributor.authorDyck, Nathan C.
dc.contributor.authorvan Veggel, Frank C.J.M.
dc.contributor.authorDemopoulos, George P.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-25T17:58:13Z
dc.date.available2016-08-25T17:58:13Z
dc.date.copyright2013en_US
dc.date.issued2013-11
dc.description.abstractUpconversion materials show great potential in converting infrared light to visible for many optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. One of the most promising upconverting materials is Yb3+,Er3+- doped β-NaYF4. In this study, annealing is shown to have a significant impact on the phase, morphology, and upconversion luminescence of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ crystals of varying sizes (300 nm, 700 nm, and 2.3 μm, respectively) prepared by hydrothermal synthesis stabilized with sodium citrate. Upconversion luminescence is maximized via annealing while maintaining crystal shape and size dispersity up to a temperature dependent on initial size, with NIR-to-visible quantum yields of 2−5%. Further temperature increases result in growth and agglomeration, increasing luminescence, followed by transformation to the α-cubic phase resulting in decreases in overall upconversion performance and shifts to dominant red emission. This study establishes the critical link between annealing temperature and maximal upconversion luminescence in β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ crystals, while maintaining particle morphology, which can be very important for technological application.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by NSERC through a strategic project grant to G. P. Demopoulos and sponsored by Targray Technology International, Versatilis, CIS Solar, Hydro-Quebec’s IREQ, and Dupont. N. Dyck is also the recipient of an Alexander Graham Bell CGS Scholarship from NSERC. Quantum yield measurements were completed at the University of Victoria under the direction of Prof. van Veggel and Dr. Jothirmayanantham Pichaandi.en_US
dc.identifier.citationDyck, N.C., van Veggel, F.C.J.M., & Demopoulos, G.P. (2013). Size-Dependent Maximization of Upconversion Efficiency of Citrate-Stabilized β-phase NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Crystals via Annealing. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 5(22), 11661-11667.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am403100t
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/7482
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherACS Applied Materials & Interfacesen_US
dc.subjectupconversion
dc.subjectannealing
dc.subjectNaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+
dc.subjectnanocrystals
dc.subjectmicrocrystals
dc.subjecthydrothermal
dc.subjectcitrate
dc.subjectmaximization
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Chemistry
dc.titleSize-Dependent Maximization of Upconversion Efficiency of Citrate-Stabilized β-phase NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Crystals via Annealingen_US
dc.typePostprinten_US

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