Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson's disease: The role of glial cells

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dc.contributor.authorIovino, L.
dc.contributor.authorTremblay, Marie-Ève
dc.contributor.authorCiviero, L.
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-14T17:24:56Z
dc.date.available2020-09-14T17:24:56Z
dc.date.copyright2020en_US
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractGlutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamate transmission efficiency depends on the correct functionality and expression of a plethora of receptors and transporters, located both on neurons and glial cells. Of note, glutamate reuptake by dedicated transporters prevents its accumulation at the synapse as well as non-physiological spillover. Indeed, extracellular glutamate increase causes aberrant synaptic signaling leading to neuronal excitotoxicity and death. Moreover, extrasynaptic glutamate diffusion is strongly associated with glia reaction and neuroinflammation. Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is mainly linked to an impaired ability of glial cells to reuptake and respond to glutamate, then this is considered a common hallmark in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, we discuss the function of astrocytes and microglia in glutamate homeostasis, focusing on how glial dysfunction causes glutamate-induced excitotoxicity leading to neurodegeneration in PD.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Padova to support LC as assistant professor and Canada Research Chair (Tier II) in Neurobiology of Aging and Cognition to MET.en_US
dc.identifier.citationIovino, L, Tremblay, M. E., & Civiero, L. (2020). Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson’s disease: The role of glial cells. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 144(3), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2020.07.011.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2020.07.011
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/12124
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Pharmacological Sciencesen_US
dc.subjectParkinson's disease
dc.subjectGlutamate-induced excitotoxicity
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectAstrocytes
dc.subjectMicroglia
dc.subject.departmentDivision of Medical Sciences
dc.subject.departmentSchool of Medical Sciences
dc.titleGlutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson's disease: The role of glial cellsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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