Changes in Smoking Status Among a Longitudinal Cohort of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada
Date
2017
Authors
Shariati, Helia
Armstrong, Heather L.
Cui, Zishan
Lachowsky, Nathan J.
Zhu, Julia
Anand, Praney
Roth, Eric A.
Hogg, Robert S.
Oudman, Greg
Tonella, Christina
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Abstract
Background—Cigarette smoking is common among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and most of the mortality gap between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals is attributable to smoking.
Methods—We recruited sexually active HIV-positive and HIV-negative GBMSM age ≥16 years using respondent-driven sampling. Study visits occurred every six months for up to four years and included a computer-assisted self-interview and clinical assessment. We conducted bivariate analyses to compare factors associated with “never”, “former”, “daily”, or “non-daily” smoking at baseline and longitudinal mixed effects models to examine factors associated with cessation and (re)initiation.
Results—774 participants completed a baseline visit and 525 enrolled in the cohort and completed at least one follow-up visit. At baseline, the median age was 34 years and 31.5% were daily smokers. In follow-up (median=2.5 years), 116 daily or non-daily smokers (41%) quit at least once and of these, 101 (87%) remained former smokers at their last visit. Smoking cessation was positively associated with incomes ≥$60,000 and self-reported excellent health. Alcohol use, ecstasy use, and having a partner who smokes were associated with decreased odds of cessation. Substance use (cannabis, GHB, and crystal methamphetamine) and having a partner who smokes were positively associated with increasing to/resuming daily smoking. HIV-positive GBMSM were more likely to smoke but not more likely to quit.
Conclusions—Targeted, culturally relevant smoking cessation resources are needed, especially for HIV-positive GBMSM. Engaging couples in cessation interventions may be useful.
Description
We would like to thank the Momentum Health Study participants, office staff, community advisory board, and our community agency partners: Health Initiative for Men, YouthCO HIV and Hep C Society, and Positive Living Society of BC.
Keywords
smoking cessation, men who have sex with men, HIV, longitudinal, respondent-driven sampling, health promotion, Centre for Addictions Research of BC (CARBC), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research (CISUR)
Citation
Shariati, H., Armstrong, H. L., Cui, Z., Lachowsky, N. J., Zhu, J., Anand, P., Roth, E. A., Hogg, R. S., Oudman, G., Tonella, C., & Moore, D. M. (2017). “Changes in Smoking Status Among a Longitudinal Cohort of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 179, 370–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.025