Rural-urban migration patterns and mental health diagnoses of adolescents and young adults in British Columbia, Canada : a case-control study

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dc.contributor.authorMaggi, Stefania
dc.contributor.authorOstry, Aleck
dc.contributor.authorCallaghan, Kristy
dc.contributor.authorHershler, Ruth
dc.contributor.authorChen, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorD'Angiulli, Amedeo
dc.contributor.authorHertzman, Clyde
dc.date.accessioned2014-08-08T18:29:32Z
dc.date.available2014-08-08T18:29:32Z
dc.date.copyright2010en_US
dc.date.issued2010-05-13
dc.descriptionBioMed Centralen_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: The identification of mental health problems early in life can increase the well-being of children and youth. Several studies have reported that youth who experience mental health disorders are also at a greater risk of developing psychopathological conditions later in life, suggesting that the ability of researchers and clinicians to identify mental health problems early in life may help prevent adult psychopathology. Using large-scale administrative data, this study examined whether permanent settlement and within-province migration patterns may be linked to mental health diagnoses among adolescents (15 to 19 years old), young adults (20 to 30 years old), and adults (30 years old and older) who grew up in rural or urban communities or migrated between types of community (N = 8,502). Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study of the impact of rural compared to urban residence and rural-urban provincial migration patterns on diagnosis of mental health. Conditional logistic regression models were run with the following International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) mental health diagnoses as the outcomes: neurotic disorders, personality disorder, acute reaction to stress, adjustment reaction, depression, alcohol dependence, and non-dependent drug abuse. Analyses were conducted controlling for paternal mental health and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Mental health diagnoses were selectively associated with stability and migration patterns. Specifically, adolescents and young adults who were born in and grew up in the same rural community were at lower risk of being diagnosed with acute reaction to stress (OR = 0.740) and depression (OR = 0.881) compared to their matched controls who were not born in and did not grow up in the same rural community. Furthermore, adolescents and young adults migrating between rural communities were at lower risk of being diagnosed with adjustment reaction (OR = 0.571) than those not migrating between rural communities. No differences were found for diagnoses of neurotic disorders, personality disorder, alcohol dependence, and non-dependent drug abuse. Conclusions: This study provides some compelling evidence of the protective role of rural environments in the development of specific mental health conditions (i.e., depression, adjustment reaction, and acute reaction to stress) among the children of sawmill workers in Western Canada.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by the Canadian Population Health Initiative. Dr. Maggi was funded through a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and was a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar. Dr. Ostry was funded through a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and holds a Scholar Award from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. Drs. D'Angiulli and Hertzman both held a Canada Research Chair.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMaggi et al., Rural-urban migration patterns and mental health diagnoses of adolescents and young adults in British Columbia, Canada: a case-control study Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 2010, 4:13en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.capmh.com/content/4/1/13
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1753-2000-4-13
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/5536
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Geography
dc.titleRural-urban migration patterns and mental health diagnoses of adolescents and young adults in British Columbia, Canada : a case-control studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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