A hybrid analog computer for beam optics calculations
Date
1968
Authors
Louis, Robert John
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Abstract
A hybrid analog computer is described which calculates particle trajectories in beam transport systems consisting of thin lenses, quadrupoles, bending magnets and drift spaces. Bending magnets can have constant or non-constant fields and normal or non-normal entry and exit angles. Calculations can be performed for systems containing up to sixteen magnets (i.e. sixteen thin lenses, quadrupoles, or bending magnets). The magnet strengths are set by potentiometers and the magnet lengths and positions are set by selecting pulses from a digital timing system consisting of a digital clock, AND gates, flip-flops and relays . Since all magnet parameters are set by potentiometers and switches , the problem set up time is small, changes in the beam transport system can ea3ily be made and the effect on the beam is immediately apparent. The analog can run in a fast mode (with oscilloscope display) or a slow mode (with XY-plotter display) o The problem can be stopped at any point to allow accurate measurement of the problem variables. The system has been found to be in error less than 0.07 cm in a system which has a maximum particle displacement of greater than 8.0 cm. The possibility of extending the system to the calculation of beam envelopes is discussed.