Implications of Cardioprotective Assumptions for National Drinking Guidelines and Alcohol Harm Monitoring Systems

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dc.contributor.authorSherk, Adam
dc.contributor.authorGilmore, William
dc.contributor.authorChurchill, Samuel
dc.contributor.authorLensvelt, Eveline
dc.contributor.authorStockwell, Tim
dc.contributor.authorChikritzhs, Tanya
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-11T22:53:39Z
dc.date.available2019-12-11T22:53:39Z
dc.date.copyright2019en_US
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractThe existence and potential level of cardioprotection from alcohol use is contested in alcohol studies. Assumptions regarding the risk relationship between alcohol use and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) are critical when providing advice for national drinking guidelines and for designing alcohol harm monitoring systems. We use three meta-analyses regarding alcohol use and IHD risk to investigate how varying assumptions lead to differential estimates of alcohol-attributable (AA) deaths and weighted relative risk (RR) functions, in Australia and Canada. Alcohol exposure and mortality data were acquired from administrative sources and AA fractions were calculated using the International Model of Alcohol Harms and Policies. We then customized a recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) analysis to inform drinking guidelines internationally. Australians drink slightly more than Canadians, per person, but are also more likely to identify as lifetime abstainers. Cardioprotective scenarios resulted in substantial differences in estimates of net AA deaths in Australia (between 2933 and 4570) and Canada (between 5179 and 8024), using GBD risk functions for all other alcohol-related conditions. Country-specific weighted RR functions were analyzed to provide advice toward drinking guidelines: Minimum risk was achieved at or below alcohol use levels of 10 g/day ethanol, depending on scenario. Consumption levels resulting in ‘no added’ risk from drinking were found to be between 10 and 15 g/day, by country, gender, and scenario. These recommendations are lower than current guidelines in Australia, Canada, and some other high-income countries: These guidelines may be in need of downward revision.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, is supported by funding from the Australian Government under the Drug and Alcohol Program.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSherk, A., Gilmore, W., Churchill, S. Lensvelt, E., Stockwell, T. & Chikritzhs, T. (2019). Implications of Cardioprotective Assumptions for National Drinking Guidelines and Alcohol Harm Monitoring Systems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24), 4956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244956en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244956
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/11360
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthen_US
dc.subjectalcohol harms
dc.subjectnational drinking guidelines
dc.subjectalcohol-attributable deaths
dc.subjectalcohol use and ischaemic heart disease
dc.subjectalcohol policy
dc.subjectInternational Model of Alcohol Harms and Policies
dc.subjectalcohol's burden of disease
dc.subjectinternational comparison
dc.subjectAustralia
dc.subjectCanada
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Psychology
dc.titleImplications of Cardioprotective Assumptions for National Drinking Guidelines and Alcohol Harm Monitoring Systemsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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