Multi-Regional Simulation of Energy Demand for Road Transport: Electrification of Passenger, Light-, Medium-, and Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicles

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dc.contributor.authorLowry, Colton Amos
dc.contributor.supervisorWild, Peter Martin
dc.contributor.supervisorRowe, Andrew Michael
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-30T22:17:54Z
dc.date.available2023-06-30T22:17:54Z
dc.date.copyright2023en_US
dc.date.issued2023-06-30
dc.degree.departmentDepartment of Mechanical Engineeringen_US
dc.degree.levelMaster of Applied Science M.A.Sc.en_US
dc.description.abstractElectrification is among the most effective strategies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions from road transportation. However, as more vehicles shift away from conventional drivetrains, demands on the electricity system must, necessarily, increase. In this study, a Road Transportation Energy Simulator (RTES) is developed that simulates hydrogen demand for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) and electricity demand profiles for Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV). The RTES is open source, can simulate four scalable regions concurrently, and supports the entire road transport sector, including passenger/light-, medium-, and heavy-duty commercial vehicles. In the RTES, passenger vehicle demand profiles are generated with the Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Projection Lite Tool from National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL). Demand profiles for light, medium and heavy-duty commercial vehicles and all FCEVs are generated using the NREL Fleet DNA dataset along with the Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Depot Charging Tool, also developed by NREL. In British Columbia, 25 and 100 kW charging rates are sufficient for over 90% of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, respectively. Electricity demand profiles are simulated for individual commercial vehicle weight classes and act as a reference for other modelers. The RTES is then used to simulate four transportation scenarios for the province of BC in 2050. In the four scenarios, 100% of passenger and light-duty vehicles are zero emission vehicles (ZEV) while 77% of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles are ZEVs. Depending on the drivetrain proportions used, the annual energy demand varies between 33.9 and 45.54 TWh. In addition, the peak electrical demand and maximum ramping rate are dictated by the charging strategies and rates that PEVs use. Utilizing an immediate high power charging rate leads to a peak demand of 22.98 GW and a maximum ramping rate of 8.54 GW/15-minutes. On the other hand, a load leveling charging strategy reduces the peak demand and maximum ramping rate to 8.78 GW and 0.57 GW/15-minutes, respectively.en_US
dc.description.scholarlevelGraduateen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/15173
dc.languageEnglisheng
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.rightsAvailable to the World Wide Weben_US
dc.subjectTransportation Demand Profileen_US
dc.subjectSimulating Transportation Profilesen_US
dc.subjectSimulation Toolen_US
dc.subjectSimulating Transportation Demand Profilesen_US
dc.subjectSimulating Transportation Load Profilesen_US
dc.subjectSimulating Transportation Charging Profilesen_US
dc.subjectCommercial Vehicle Demand Profilesen_US
dc.subjectCommercial Vehicle Load Profilesen_US
dc.subjectCommercial Vehicle Charging Profilesen_US
dc.subjectEV Demand Profileen_US
dc.subjectEV Load Profileen_US
dc.subjectMulti-Regional Demand Simuationen_US
dc.subjectEnergy Demand Simulationen_US
dc.subjectSimulating Transportation Energy Demanden_US
dc.subjectSimulating Energy Demand for Road Transportationen_US
dc.subjectRoad Transportation Energy Demand Simulationen_US
dc.subjectPEV Demand Profileen_US
dc.subjectPEV Load Profileen_US
dc.subjectElectricity Demand for Road Transportationen_US
dc.subjectHydrogen Demand for Road Transportationen_US
dc.subjectElectric Vehicle Energy Simulatoren_US
dc.subjectRoad Transportation Energy Simulatoren_US
dc.subjectBritish Columbia Road Transportation Energy Demanden_US
dc.titleMulti-Regional Simulation of Energy Demand for Road Transport: Electrification of Passenger, Light-, Medium-, and Heavy-duty Commercial Vehiclesen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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