Microfluidic-based oxygen (O2) sensors for on-chip monitoring of cell, tissue and organ metabolism
Date
2021
Authors
Azimzadeh, Mostafa
Khashayar, Patricia
Amereh, Meitham
Tasnim, Nishat
Hoorfar, Mina
Akbari, Mohsen
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Biosensors
Abstract
Oxygen (O₂) quantification is essential for assessing cell metabolism, and its consumption in cell culture is an important indicator of cell viability. Recent advances in microfluidics have made O₂ sensing a crucial feature for organ-on-chip (OOC) devices for various biomedical applications. OOC O₂ sensors can be categorized, based on their transducer type, into two main groups, optical and electrochemical. In this review, we provide an overview of on-chip O₂ sensors integrated with the OOC devices and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. Recent innovations in optical O₂ sensors integrated with OOCs are discussed in four main categories: (i) basic luminescence-based sensors; (ii) microparticle-based sensors; (iii) nano-enabled sensors; and (iv) commercial probes and portable devices. Furthermore, we discuss recent advancements in electrochemical sensors in five main categories: (i) novel configurations in Clark-type sensors; (ii) novel materials (e.g., polymers, O₂ scavenging and passivation materials); (iii) nano-enabled electrochemical sensors; (iv) novel designs and fabrication techniques; and (v) commercial and portable electrochemical readouts. Together, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current advances in the design, fabrication and application of optical and electrochemical O₂ sensors.
Description
Keywords
oxygen sensors, microfluidics, organ-on-chips (OOCs), on-chip monitoring, Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), CAMTEC
Citation
Azimzadeh, M., Khashavar, P., Amereh, M., Tasnim, N., Hoorfar, M., & Akbari, M. (2021). “Microfluidic-based oxygen (O2) sensors for on-chip monitoring of cell, tissue and organ metabolism.” Biosensors, 12(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12010006