A traditional closed-loop sanitation system in a chronic emergency: A qualitative study from Afghanistan

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dc.contributor.authorUddin, Sayed Mohammad Nazim
dc.contributor.authorLapegue, Jean
dc.contributor.authorGutberlet, Jutta
dc.contributor.authorAdamowski, Jan Franklin
dc.contributor.authorDorea, Caetano C.
dc.contributor.authorSorezo, Federico
dc.date.accessioned2019-03-21T00:23:20Z
dc.date.available2019-03-21T00:23:20Z
dc.date.copyright2019en_US
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractThe use of closed-loop sanitation systems (CLSS), or reuse-oriented sanitation systems, has increased in recent years, and such systems have been successfully implemented in many parts of the world. However, no research has explored Traditional CLSS (T-CLSS) for a long-term humanitarian situation. This study explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of T-CLSS in peri-urban and rural contexts in three different provinces in Afghanistan (the first study of its kind in Afghanistan). Participatory research tools, such as transect walks, focus group discussions, smart community gatherings and interactive workshops, were applied to assess the SWOT associated with T-CLSS. The results indicate that T-CLSS has been practiced historically in both peri-urban and rural areas using local and traditional knowledge, skills and technologies. The socio-cultural acceptance of the system in both rural and peri-urban areas is an important strength of this established system. However, due to chronic development challenges in the study regions, T-CLSS may possibly lead to exposure to microbial contaminants. It is recommended that the feasibility of an improved CLSS be assessed and implemented in light of the issues that are inherent in the use of T-CLSS in Afghanistan.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was conducted when the first author was a PhD Researcher at the University of Science and Technology Beijing, China. Support from ACF France, ACF Mongolia and ACF Afghanistan is gratefully acknowledged. The ACF Afghanistan Team members of the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Food Security and Livelihood (FSL) groups are thanked for their field support.en_US
dc.identifier.citationUddin, S.M.N., Lapegue, J., Gutberlet, J., Adamowski, J.F., Dorea, C.C. & Sorezo, F. (2019). A Traditional Closed-Loop Sanitation System in a Chronic Emergency: A Qualitative Study from Afghanistan. Water, 11(2), 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020298en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020298
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/10665
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWateren_US
dc.subjectclosed-loop sanitation
dc.subjectrural
dc.subjectperi-urban
dc.subjectSWOT
dc.subjectchronic-emergency
dc.subjectparticipatory research
dc.subjectAfghanistan
dc.subjectCommunity-based Research Lab (CbRL)
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Civil Engineering
dc.titleA traditional closed-loop sanitation system in a chronic emergency: A qualitative study from Afghanistanen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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