Comparing Executive Function, Evoked Haemodynamic Response, and Gait as Predictors of Variations in Mobility for Older Adults

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dc.contributor.authorHalliday, Drew W. R.
dc.contributor.authorHundza, Sandra R.
dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Barrera, Mauricio A.
dc.contributor.authorKlimstra, Marc
dc.contributor.authorCommandeur, Drew
dc.contributor.authorLukyn, Timothy V.
dc.contributor.authorStawski, Robert S.
dc.contributor.authorMacDonald, Stuart W. S.
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-20T23:02:46Z
dc.date.available2021-08-20T23:02:46Z
dc.date.copyright2018en_US
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractObjective: Falls represent a major concern for older adults and may serve as clinically salient index events for those presenting in the prodromal stages of Mild Cognitive Impairment. Declines in executive function performance and in gait consistency have shown promise in predicting fall risk, however associated neurophysiological underpinnings have received less attention. In this study, we used a multimodal approach to assess fall risk in a group of older adults with and without a previous fall history. Method: Processing speed, inductive reasoning, verbal fluency, crystallized ability, episodic memory and executive functioning were assessed using standardized neuropsychological tests. Cognitive interference was assessed using the Multi-Source Interference Task. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were assessed with and without cognitive load using a 6.4m instrumented walkway. Haemodynamic responses were measured using functional near infrared spectroscopy. Results: Whereas no group differences were observed in cognitive behavioural performance, during a cognitive interference task fallers displayed more oxygenated haemoglobin across the prefrontal cortex relative to non-fallers, suggesting that engaging in the cognitive task was more effortful for them overall, therefore eliciting greater cortical activation. Between group differences in spatial as well as temporal gait parameters were also observed. Conclusions: These results are in keeping with assertions that diminished executive control is related to fall risk. Notably, the group differences observed in prefrontal cortical activation and in gait parameters may ultimately precede those observed in cognitive behavioural performance, with implications for measurement sensitivity and early identification.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (D. H., Canada Graduate Scholarship), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (S. M. and M. G-B., grant number 418676–2012), and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (R. S. and S. M., grant number R21AG045575).en_US
dc.identifier.citationHalliday, D.W.R., Hundza, S.R., Garcia-Barrera, M.A., Klimstra, M., Commandeur, D., Lukyn, T.V., Stawski, R.S., MacDonald, S.W.S. (2018). Comparing Individual Differences in Inconsistency and Plasticity as Predictors of Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 38(5), 534- 550. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2017.1325453en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2017.1325453
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/13295
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychologyen_US
dc.subjectfall risk
dc.subjectaging
dc.subjectmultimodal assessment
dc.subjectfunctional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
dc.subjectvariability
dc.subjectInstitute on Aging and Lifelong Health
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Psychology
dc.subject.departmentSchool of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education
dc.titleComparing Executive Function, Evoked Haemodynamic Response, and Gait as Predictors of Variations in Mobility for Older Adultsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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