Can principal component analysis be used to explore the relationship of rowing kinematics and force production in elite rowers during a step test? A pilot study

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorJensen, Matt
dc.contributor.authorStellingwerff, Trent
dc.contributor.authorPollock, Courtney
dc.contributor.authorWakeling, James
dc.contributor.authorKlimstra, Marc
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-07T16:59:38Z
dc.date.available2024-02-07T16:59:38Z
dc.date.copyright2023en_US
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractInvestigating the relationship between the movement patterns of multiple limb segments during the rowing stroke on the resulting force production in elite rowers can provide foundational insight into optimal technique. It can also highlight potential mechanisms of injury and performance improvement. The purpose of this study was to conduct a kinematic analysis of the rowing stroke together with force production during a step test in elite national-team heavyweight men to evaluate the fundamental patterns that contribute to expert performance. Twelve elite heavyweight male rowers performed a step test on a row-perfect sliding ergometer [5 × 1 min with 1 min rest at set stroke rates (20, 24, 28, 32, 36)]. Joint angle displacement and velocity of the hip, knee and elbow were measured with electrogoniometers, and force was measured with a tension/compression force transducer in line with the handle. To explore interactions between kinematic patterns and stroke performance variables, joint angular velocities of the hip, knee and elbow were entered into principal component analysis (PCA) and separate ANCOVAs were run for each performance variable (peak force, impulse, split time) with dependent variables, and the kinematic loading scores (Kpc,ls) as covariates with athlete/stroke rate as fixed factors. The results suggested that rowers’ kinematic patterns respond differently across varying stroke rates. The first seven PCs accounted for 79.5% (PC1 [26.4%], PC2 [14.6%], PC3 [11.3%], PC4 [8.4%], PC5 [7.5%], PC6 [6.5%], PC7 [4.8%]) of the variances in the signal. The PCs contributing significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to performance metrics based on PC loading scores from an ANCOVA were (PC1, PC2, PC6) for split time, (PC3, PC4, PC5, PC6) for impulse, and (PC1, PC6, PC7) for peak force. The significant PCs for each performance measure were used to reconstruct the kinematic patterns for split time, impulse and peak force separately. Overall, PCA was able to differentiate between rowers and stroke rates, and revealed features of the rowing-stroke technique correlated with measures of performance that may highlight meaningful technique-optimization strategies. PCA could be used to provide insight into differences in kinematic strategies that could result in suboptimal performance, potential asymmetries or to determine how well a desired technique change has been accomplished by group and/or individual athletes.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was part of a project funded by Mitacs. The Mitacs Accelerate PhD Fellowship has been awarded to M.J. and the project was supervised by M.K. and T.S.en_US
dc.identifier.citationJensen, M., Stellingwerff, T., Pollock, C., Wakeling, J., & Klimstra, M. (2023). Can principal component analysis be used to explore the relationship of rowing kinematics and force production in elite rowers during a step test? A pilot study. Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, 5(1), 237–251. https://doi.org/10.3390/make5010015en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/make5010015
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/15963
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMachine Learning & Knowledge Extractionen_US
dc.subjectsports
dc.subjectrowing
dc.subjectprincipal component analysis (PCA)
dc.subjectathletic performance
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education
dc.subject.departmentSchool of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education
dc.titleCan principal component analysis be used to explore the relationship of rowing kinematics and force production in elite rowers during a step test? A pilot studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
jensen_matt_mach learn knowl extr_2023.pdf
Size:
2.69 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
2 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download

Collections

Faculty and Staff Publications
 
University of Victoria Libraries

We acknowledge and respect the Lək̓ʷəŋən (Songhees and Esquimalt) Peoples on whose territory the university stands, and the Lək̓ʷəŋən and W̱SÁNEĆ Peoples whose historical relationships with the land continue to this day.