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Item The making of Indigenous-settler relations in children’s historical consciousness: Comparisons of schoolbooks in the metropole and the colony(Children's History Society Conference, 2024-07-04) Russell, PiaItem The anatomy of fake news: Definitions, differentiations, consequences, and spread(Information, Medium, and Society: Journal of Publishing Studies, 2024) Harrison, JustinAs the growth and spread of inaccurate information has emerged within western societies in recent years, showing no abatement, the validity and effectiveness of our democratic institutions and processes, and civil society generally, have increasingly been called into question. Accordingly, it has become more essential than ever to properly identify the pernicious aspects of this information spread. As a starting point for developing a shared approach to addressing the issue, this present study seeks to establish the nature of academic publishing’s treatment of “fake news.” An interdisciplinary review of the relevant peer-reviewed literature, specifically as it relates to the definition, consequences, and spread of fake news, was undertaken. Through critical evaluation and synthesis of the literature within a content analysis methodology, this study identifies a lack of consensus on a definition of fake news, notes the deep and harmful impacts to many crucial aspects of social and democratic health as highlighted in the literature, and surfaces the research’s unanimous conclusion that a virile media ecosystem enables its spread.Item Outside the Four Corners: Exploring Non-Traditional Scholarly Communication(Scholarly and Research Communication, 2015) Burpee, K. Jane; Glushko, Robert; Goddard, Lisa; Kehoe, Inba; Moore, PatriciaTraditional outputs of scholarly communication, such as monographs and journal articles are being supplemented by new forms of scholarship, particularly in fields such as digital humanities. Canadian university libraries have long played a role supporting the creation, distribution, and preservation of scholarly objects. at support must be extended to include new formats and modes of scholarly work, such as digital portfolios, non-linear narratives, social media, scholarly video journals, etc. As the means of production and forms of scholarly output diversify, libraries will need to understand the impact of these digital shis and identify areas where library efforts can have the most influence. is article examines developing areas of non-traditional scholarly communication and discusses implications for members of the Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL).Item Unlocking web archives: LLMs, RAG, and the future of digital preservation(2025-02-28) Davis, CoreyLarge Language Models (LLMs) are transforming how research libraries manage digital preservation and access to web archives. This paper examines the potential and challenges of integrating LLMs with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to enhance the searchability and usability of Web ARChive (WARC) files. Traditional keyword-based retrieval often falls short in handling the complexity of web archives, necessitating new AI-driven approaches. The study explores WARC-GPT, an open-source tool developed by the Harvard Law Library Innovation Lab, which applies RAG techniques to enable conversational search across web archives. While WARC-GPT demonstrates promise, it also encounters significant hurdles, including noisy data, hallucinations, and computational inefficiencies. To address these issues, the author develops a bespoke RAG pipeline optimized for research library needs, implementing improvements in data preprocessing, chunking strategies, and hardware acceleration. The results highlight the potential for AI-enhanced discovery while underscoring the technical, ethical, and resource-related challenges that libraries must navigate. This paper argues that while AI-driven tools offer new avenues for digital preservation, their successful deployment requires careful design, iterative refinement, and human oversight. The future of AI in research libraries will not replace human expertise but will instead rely on a balanced interplay between automation and curation.Item Evidence synthesis instructional offerings in library and information science programs(Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 2024) Lafferty, Meghan; Premji, Zahra; Herold, Philip; Kocher, Megan; Marsalis, ScottObjective – The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which evidence synthesis (ES) is incorporated into American Library Association (ALA)-accredited master’s level Library and Information Studies (LIS) programs. The study considered the depth of coverage, interest in additional curriculum content, and preferences for expanding existing coverage. Methods – A cross-sectional survey was implemented. Program administrators and instructors currently involved with ALA-accredited master’s level LIS programs in Canada and the United States were eligible to participate. Recruitment emails targeted faculty and administrators from a directory of institutions offering ALA-accredited MLIS programs. Results – 26 eligible responses from 20 unique institutions were obtained. Most respondents reported that ES is incorporated into the curriculum, albeit only briefly in most cases. Most of the respondents expressed interest in incorporating more ES content into the curriculum, specifically as a portion of a course. A greater number of respondents would prefer to bring in external guest speakers to teach the ES content, but a small percentage were interested in training for existing LIS instructors. Conclusion – In-depth instruction on ES in LIS programs is currently limited. However, there appears to be interest in increasing ES content in curricula, primarily in the form of guest lecturers.Item Editorial remarks: Conversations with Indigenous Knowledges(KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies, 2022) Hancock, Robert L. A.; Moran, Ry; Newman (Hayalthkin’geme), Carey; Walsh, Andrea; Rogers, ShelaghA brief introduction to “Indigenous Knowledges,” a special issue of KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies that includes sixteen contributions in diverse formats, including multimedia. In these editorial remarks, the editors reflect on the discussions that led to the special issue, their responsibility to honour the work of contributors from many different nations and communities, the ways that conventional forms of academic writing can be inhospitable to Indigenous knowledges, and conversation as methodology. This short introduction also links out to the recording of the virtual launch of “Indigenous Knowledges,” hosted and moderated by Shelagh Rogers and featuring editors Robert L. A. Hancock, Ry Moran, Carey Newman, and Andrea Walsh and contributors Jessie Loyer, Darrell Loyer, and Barry Pottle.Item Dissemination through transformation: The evolution of a thesis(University of Victoria, 2018) Szabo, DaniceIn 2004 the University of Victoria Libraries housed over 7000 theses in Special Collections and over 1000 in their circulating collection; it was also the year that they launched their digital repository. This is a story about the evolution and transformation of the traditional print thesis as viewed through the changing lens of the University of Victoria's Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertation process. Learn about UVic's successes and challenges hosting a repository and find out how it transformed access to this important academic library resource.Item 2023 Study Leave Report(Christine Walde, 2024-02-16) Walde, ChristineA report on the 3-month study leave of Fine Arts and Grants and Awards librarian Christine Walde.Item UVic Libraries 2024 user feedback survey: Summary and key insights(University of Victoria Libraries, 2024-08) Khair, Shahira; Goshulak, Artie; Sanders, Cairo; Keenan, CaitlinThe University of Victoria Libraries 2024 User Feedback Survey gathers insight into the needs and satisfaction of the key user communities. The survey focused on three general areas of our work: library services, spaces, and collections. This report summarizes results and key insights.Item Systematic review: Defining, diagnosing and monitoring small bowel strictures in Crohn's disease on intestinal ultrasound(Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2024) Lu, Cathy; Rosentreter, Ryan; Delisle, Maxime; White, Mattie; Parker, Claire E.; Premji, Zahra; Wilson, Stephanie R.; Baker, Mark E.; Bhatnagar, Gauraang; Begun, Jakob; Bruining, David H.; Bryant, Robert; Christensen, Britt; Feagan, Brian G.; Fletcher, Joel G.; jairath, vipul; Knudsen, John; Kucharzik, Torsten; Maaser, Christian; MACONI, GIOVANNI; Novak, Kerri; Rimola, Jordi; Taylor, Stuart A.; Wilkens, Rune; Rieder, Florian; The Stenosis Therapy and Anti-Fibrotic Research (STAR) consortiumBackground: Stricturing Crohn's disease (CD) occurs most commonly in the terminal ileum and poses a clinical problem. Cross-sectional imaging modalities such as intestinal ultrasound (IUS), computed tomography enterography (CTE), and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) allow for assessment of the entire bowel wall and associated peri-enteric findings. Radiologic definitions of strictures have been developed for CTE and MRE; their reliability and responsiveness are being evaluated in index development programs. A comprehensive assessment strategy for strictures using IUS is needed. Aims: To provide a detailed summary of definitions, diagnosis and monitoring of strictures on IUS as well as technical aspects of image acquisition. Methods: We searched four databases up to 6 January 2024. Two-stage screening was done in duplicate. We assessed risk of bias using QUADAS-2. Results: There were 56 studies eligible for inclusion. Definitions for strictures on IUS are heterogeneous, but the overall accuracy for diagnosis of strictures is high. The capability of IUS for characterising inflammation versus fibrosis in strictures is not accurate enough to be used in clinical practice or trials. We summarise definitions for improvement of strictures on IUS, and discuss parameters for image acquisition and standardisation. Conclusions: This systematic review is the first step for a structured program to develop a stricture IUS index for CD.Item A scoping review of decision-making tools to support substitute decision-makers for adults with impaired capacity(Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2024) King, Seema; Fernandes, Brooklynn; Jaymes, Timothy S.; Boryski, Gwenn; Gaetano, Daniel; Premji, Zahra; Venturato, Lorraine; Santana, Maria J.; Simon, Jessica; Holroyd-Leduc, JaynaBackground: Substitute decision-makers (SDMs) make decisions that honor medical, personal, and end-of-life wishes for older adults who have lost capacity, including those with dementia. However, SDMs often lack support, information, and problem-solving tools required to make decisions and can suffer with negative emotional, relationship, and financial impacts. The need for adaptable supports has been identified in prior meta-analyses. This scoping review identifies evidence-based decision-making resources/tools for SDMs, outlines domains of support, and determines resource/tool effectiveness and/or efficacy. Methods: The scoping review used the search strategy: Population—SDMs for older adults who have lost decision-making capacity; Concept—supports, resources, tools, and interventions; Context—any context where a decision is made on behalf of an adult (>25 years). Databases included MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Abstracts in Social Gerontology and SocIndex. Tools were scored by members on the research team, including patient partners, based on domains of need previously identified in prior meta-analyses. Results: Two reviewers independently screened 5279 citations. Articles included studies that evaluated a resource/tool that helped a family/friend/caregiver SDMs outside of an ICU setting. 828 articles proceeded onto full-text screening, and 25 articles were included for data extraction. The seventeen tools identified focused on different time points/decisions in the dementia trajectory, and no single tool encompassed all the domains of caregiver decision-making needs. Conclusion: Existing tools may not comprehensively support caregiver needs. However, combining tools into a toolkit and considering their application relevant to the caregiver's journey may start to address the gap in current supports.Item Collaborating to upgrade UVicSpace(Vancouver Island Library Staff Conference, 2024-05-03) Winter, Caroline; Ritchie, Amelia; Kehoe, InbaThe Copyright and Scholarly Communications team at UVic Libraries recently undertook a major upgrade of our institutional repository to DSpace V7. In this presentation, we give a tour of the newly refreshed UVicSpace, outline the collaborative process of upgrading the site, discuss the successes and challenges we faced, and share insight into the value of community-led infrastructure. We conclude with some ideas about possible next steps for UVicSpace and how strong collaborations within the library community can help make them happen.Item The Second Wave: The Impact of Digital and Open Practices on Faculty Scholarship in Higher Education(2024) Kehoe, Inba; Irvine, Valerie; Siemens, Raymond GeorgeOne of the noblest duties of the university is to enable and encourage “intellectual endeavour, valuing scholarship for its own worth and fostering a collaborative spirit in the furtherance of society” (Enabling Open Scholarship, 2016). The advent of the World Wide Web and ancillary advancements in technology have not only opened up scholarship for greater access, but created a transformation in the scholarly practice. The challenges faculty experienced in adopting new practices were examined and whether they straddled all domains of scholarly practice (e.g., research, teaching, and service), how universities measured impact and quality in this new publishing landscape, and what benchmarks existed for evaluating these forms of non-traditional scholarship. In this study, a phenomenographical approach was employed to understand the impact open scholarship practices have had on academic scholars employed at a university in Western Canada. An embedded triangulation mixed methods design approach was used for this multiphase study to obtain different but complementary data on the lived realities of scholars at the University. Phase 1 included a survey using an explanatory sequential design. After the data collection and analysis were completed, individual in-person semi-structured interviews were conducted. Phase 2 of the study included the analysis of a selection of primary university documents related to tenure and promotion. Finally, a joint analysis approach was used to present the findings from the mixed methods study (i.e., quantitative and qualitative studies). Six themes emerged from the study that highlighted ways participants conducted research (access to research and tools used), their adoption of open intentions and initiatives and use of social media platforms and social networks, accountability and transparency of university policies and guidelines, types of research outputs produced, and criteria for faculty evaluation. Based on the implications from these findings, five recommendations were offered for enacting change: establish administrative accountability, make all tenure and promotion documents openly accessible, broadly define scholarship, broaden the scope of impact, and develop a values-based framework model for assessment.Item Marginalized graduate students navigating the academy during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A phenomenological approach(College & Research Libraries, 2024) Kumaran, Maha; Farnum, Cecile; Gupta, Aditi; Levesque, Lisa; Roache, DarciaThe aim of this study was to understand marginalized graduate students’ use of academic libraries for research activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a phenomenological approach, this study investigated the challenges, barriers, and coping strategies of marginalized graduate students from three Canadian universities. Focus groups were conducted to stimulate discussions and gather rich data from participants. Based on findings, this study offers several recommendations for inclusive spaces, accessibility across institutions, bridging divides, and more to address service gaps and improve library access for all users.Item Bridge2Hyku: Meeting practitioners’ needs in digital collection migration to open source Samvera repository(Publications, 2020) Wu, Annie; Thompson, Santi; Washington, Anne; Watkins, Sean; Weidner, Andrew; Seeman, Dean; Woodward, NicholasThe University of Houston Libraries, in partnership and consultation with numerous institutions, was awarded an Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) National Leadership/Project Grant to create the Bridge2Hyku (B2H) Toolkit. Content migration from proprietary systems to open source repositories remains a barrier for many institutions due to lack of tools, tutorials, and documentation. The B2H Toolkit, which includes migration strategies, migration tools, as well as system requirements for transitioning from CONTENTdm to Hyku, acts as a comprehensive resource to facilitate repository migration. Through a phased toolkit development process, the project team solicited inputs and feedback from peer migration practitioners via survey and pilot testing. The analysis of the feedback data was built into use cases which informed the development and enhancement of the migration strategies and tools. Working across institutions with migration practitioners’ needs in mind, the project team was able to successfully release a Toolkit that mitigates migration barriers and fills gaps in the migration process. Providing a path to a community-supported open source digital solution, the Bridge2Hyku Toolkits ensures access and expanded use of digital content and collections of libraries and cultural heritage institutions.Item Database review: EconBiz(Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 2023-07-22) Nickerson, Emily; Schmidt, ChristianEconBiz is a specialized academic information portal hosted by the Leibniz Information Center for Economics in Germany. It is freely accessible and facilitates discovery to a wide range of research publications, learning, and professional resources. This article will review EconBiz in the context of business and eco-nomics research and from an openness perspective.Item A scoping review of personal librarian programs in academic libraries(College and Undergraduate Libraries, 2022) Murphy, James E.; Premji, Zahra; Jones, RhiannonPersonal librarian programs have been used in academic libraries since 1984, peaking in prevalence in the 2010s, and although assessment varies, they have shown to be a successful student engagement program in academic libraries. To survey and compile these programs for future program development, the authors comprehensively reviewed published literature on academic library programs categorized as personal librarian programs using scoping review methodology. Sources searched were Academic Search Complete, Web of Science core collection, Library and Information Science Abstracts, Library and Information Science Sources, Education Research Complete, monographs, conference proceedings, and gray literature. Programs were primarily in North America, with eighteen in the U.S., four in Canada and one in South Africa. The authors found that a plan of assessment should be in place before embarking on a personal librarian program. By reviewing the various models of personal librarian programs, the authors hope that this scoping review will assist librarians in selecting the appropriate model for their academic institution.Item Protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against the omicron variant and severe disease: A systematic review and meta-regression(The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2023) Bobrovitz, Niklas; Ware, Harriet; Ma, Xiaomeng; Li, Zihan; Hosseini, Reza; Cao, Christian; Selemon, Anabel; Whelan, Mairead; Premji, Zahra; Issa, Hanane; Cheng, Brianna; Abu Raddad, Laith J; Buckeridge, David L; Van Kerkhove, Maria D; Piechotta, Vanessa; Higdon, Melissa M; Wilder-Smith, Annelies; Bergeri, Isabel; Feikin, Daniel R; Arora, Rahul K; et al.Summary Background The global surge in the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant has resulted in many individuals with hybrid immunity (immunity developed through a combination of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination). We aimed to systematically review the magnitude and duration of the protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against infection and severe disease caused by the omicron variant. Methods For this systematic review and meta-regression, we searched for cohort, cross-sectional, and case–control studies in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the WHO COVID-19 database, and Europe PubMed Central from Jan 1, 2020, to June 1, 2022, using keywords related to SARS-CoV-2, reinfection, protective effectiveness, previous infection, presence of antibodies, and hybrid immunity. The main outcomes were the protective effectiveness against reinfection and against hospital admission or severe disease of hybrid immunity, hybrid immunity relative to previous infection alone, hybrid immunity relative to previous vaccination alone, and hybrid immunity relative to hybrid immunity with fewer vaccine doses. Risk of bias was assessed with the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions Tool. We used log-odds random-effects meta-regression to estimate the magnitude of protection at 1-month intervals. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022318605). Findings 11 studies reporting the protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and 15 studies reporting the protective effectiveness of hybrid immunity were included. For previous infection, there were 97 estimates (27 with a moderate risk of bias and 70 with a serious risk of bias). The effectiveness of previous infection against hospital admission or severe disease was 74·6% (95% CI 63·1–83·5) at 12 months. The effectiveness of previous infection against reinfection waned to 24·7% (95% CI 16·4–35·5) at 12 months. For hybrid immunity, there were 153 estimates (78 with a moderate risk of bias and 75 with a serious risk of bias). The effectiveness of hybrid immunity against hospital admission or severe disease was 97·4% (95% CI 91·4–99·2) at 12 months with primary series vaccination and 95·3% (81·9–98·9) at 6 months with the first booster vaccination after the most recent infection or vaccination. Against reinfection, the effectiveness of hybrid immunity following primary series vaccination waned to 41·8% (95% CI 31·5–52·8) at 12 months, while the effectiveness of hybrid immunity following first booster vaccination waned to 46·5% (36·0–57·3) at 6 months. Interpretation All estimates of protection waned within months against reinfection but remained high and sustained for hospital admission or severe disease. Individuals with hybrid immunity had the highest magnitude and durability of protection, and as a result might be able to extend the period before booster vaccinations are needed compared to individuals who have never been infected.Item Chat Transcripts in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Chats from the AskAway Consortia(Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 2023) Sobol, Barbara; Goncalves, Aline; Vis-Dunbar, Mathew; Lacey, Sajni; Moist, Shannon; Jantzi, Leanna; Gupta, Aditi; Mussell, Jessica; Foster, Patricia L.; James, KathleenDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of post-secondary institutions in British Columbia remained closed for a prolonged period, and volume on the provincial consortia chat service, AskAway, increased significantly. This study was designed to evaluate the content of AskAway transcripts for the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years to determine if the content of questions varied during the pandemic.Item British Columbia Historical Textbooks Interactive Digital Library SDIF: Summary Report(2023-08-29) Russell, PiaThe British Columbia Historical Textbooks (BCHT) Interactive Digital Library project is a successful, ongoing initiative within UVic Libraries involving student research assistants, Indigenous community members, faculty co-investigators, and multiple library units, including Special Collections and University Archives, The Digitization Centre, Reconciliation, and Metadata. The aim of librarian Pia Russell’s project is to use digital technologies to preserve and increase access to central primary sources from the history of education in the province. BCHT also provides a significant opportunity for decolonizing collective historical narratives and working towards broad public dialogue for reconciliation.