Transcriptomic responses to emamectin benzoate in Pacific and Atlantic Canada salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis with differing levels of drug resistance

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dc.contributor.authorSutherland, Ben J. G.
dc.contributor.authorPoley, Jordan D.
dc.contributor.authorIgboeli, Okechukwu O.
dc.contributor.authorJantzen, Johanna R.
dc.contributor.authorFast, Mark D.
dc.contributor.authorKoop, Ben F.
dc.contributor.authorJones, Simon R. M.
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-28T20:46:24Z
dc.date.available2016-06-28T20:46:24Z
dc.date.copyright2015en_US
dc.date.issued2015-02
dc.description.abstractSalmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis are an ecologically and economically important parasite of wild and farmed salmon. In Scotland, Norway, and Eastern Canada, L. salmonis have developed resistance to emamectin benzoate (EMB), one of the few parasiticides available for salmon lice. Drug resistance mechanisms can be complex, potentially differing among populations and involving multiple genes with additive effects (i.e., polygenic resistance). Indicators of resistance development may enable early detection and countermeasures to avoid the spread of resistance. Here, we collect sensitive Pacific L. salmonis and sensitive and resistant Atlantic L. salmonis from salmon farms, propagate in laboratory (F1), expose to EMB in bioassays, and evaluate either baseline (Atlantic only) or induced transcriptomic differences between populations. In all populations, induced responses were minor and a cellular stress response was not identified. Pacific lice did not upregulate any genes in response to EMB, but downregulated degradative enzymes and transport proteins at 50 ppb EMB. Baseline differences between sensitive and now resistant Atlantic lice were much greater than responses to exposures. All resistant lice overexpressed degradative enzymes, and resistant males, the most resistant group, overexpressed collagenases to the greatest extent. These results indicate an accumulation of baseline expression differences related to resistance.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by Genome British Columbia, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Province of British Columbia, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), the University of Victoria, Grieg Seafood, Mainstream Canada, Marine Harvest, Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA), Novartis Animal Health, and Innovation Prince Edward Island. BJGS was supported by an NSERC CGS fellowship. Thanks to S Jantzen and D Sanderson for analysis and sample preparation assistance, E Rondeau for amplicon sequencing, and E Kim for Pacific lice culturing and sample preparation. Thanks to the members of the Hoplite laboratory at Atlantic Veterinary College, Dr. M. Llewellyn, Prof. Louis Bernatchez, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSutherland, B.J.G., Poley, J.D., Igboeli, O.O., Jantzen, J.R., Fast, M.D., Koop, B.F., & Jones, S.R.M. (2015). Transcriptomic responses to emamectin benzoate in Pacific and Atlantic Canada salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis with differing levels of drug resistance. Evolutionary Applications, 8(2), 133-148.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12237
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/7381
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherEvolutionary Applicationsen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 2.5 Canada*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ca/*
dc.subjectdrug resistance
dc.subjectemamectin benzoate
dc.subjectpolygenic resistance
dc.subjectsalmon aquaculture
dc.subjectsea lice
dc.subjecttranscriptomics
dc.subjectCentre for Biomedical Research
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Biology
dc.titleTranscriptomic responses to emamectin benzoate in Pacific and Atlantic Canada salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis with differing levels of drug resistanceen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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