Stress and traumatic brain injury: An inherent bi-directional relationship with temporal and synergistic complexities

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dc.contributor.authorBrand, Justin
dc.contributor.authorMcDonald, Stuart J.
dc.contributor.authorGawryluk, Jodie R.
dc.contributor.authorChristie, Brian R.
dc.contributor.authorShultz, Sandy R.
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-25T22:09:32Z
dc.date.available2023-09-25T22:09:32Z
dc.date.copyright2023en_US
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) and stress are prevalent worldwide and can both result in life-altering health problems. While stress often occurs in the absence of TBI, TBI inherently involves some element of stress. Furthermore, because there is pathophysiological overlap between stress and TBI, it is likely that stress influences TBI outcomes. However, there are temporal complexities in this relationship (e.g., when the stress occurs) that have been understudied despite their potential importance. This paper begins by introducing TBI and stress and highlighting some of their possible synergistic mechanisms including inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. We next describe different temporal scenarios involving TBI and stress and review the available literature on this topic. In doing so we find initial evidence that in some contexts stress is a highly influential factor in TBI pathophysiology and recovery, and vice versa. We also identify important knowledge gaps and suggest future research avenues that will increase our understanding of this inherent bidirectional relationship and could one day result in improved patient care.en_US
dc.description.reviewstatusRevieweden_US
dc.description.scholarlevelFacultyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCIHR Canada graduate Scholarship - Masters, Michael Smith Health Research BC Scholar Awarden_US
dc.identifier.citationBrand, J., McDonald, S. J., Gawryluk, J. R., Christie, B. R., & Shultz, S. R. (2023). Stress and traumatic brain injury: An inherent bi-directional relationship with temporal and synergistic complexities. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 151, 105242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105242.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105242
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1828/15439
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherNeuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviewsen_US
dc.subjectAllostatic overload
dc.subjectNeuroinflammation
dc.subjectImmune response
dc.subjectANS, HPA-axis microglia
dc.subjectCytokines
dc.subjectReactive oxygen species
dc.subjectGlutamate
dc.subjectGlucocorticoids, treatment
dc.subject.departmentDepartment of Psychology
dc.subject.departmentSchool of Medical Sciences
dc.subject.departmentDivision of Medical Sciences
dc.titleStress and traumatic brain injury: An inherent bi-directional relationship with temporal and synergistic complexitiesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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